Should California teachers be evaluated based on their students' performance on test scores? That's the subject of dueling pro vs. con commentaries on today's Op-Ed page. On the pro side is state Board of Education President Ted Mitchell, who says California must change a law forbidding such evaluations if it is to qualify for millions of dollars in federal funds, and that the system would help school districts reward exceptional teaching and weed out instructors who can't make the grade. On the con side is former LAUSD teacher Walt Gardner, who points out that teachers in low-performing schools are often dealing with kids from very poor families who are dealing with pressures that make learning a serious challenge, and expecting teachers to overcome such obstacles on their own is unrealistic.

Meanwhile, physicist Frank von Hippel aims to debunk claims from the nuclear-power industry that reprocessing nuclear waste is a solution to our problems with storing the highly radioactive materials. Not only is it extremely expensive, it fails to reduce the stream of long-lived nuclear waste and provides access to weapons material that could fall into dangerous hands.

Today's editorial page notes the one-year anniversary of the collapse of Lehman Bros. by pointing out that the $700-billion federal bailout that followed helped prop up the nation's financial system, and without it the economy would undoubtedly be in worse shape than it is. Nonetheless, now that the economy is on the rebound, "it's time for the administration and the Federal Reserve to lay out a strategy for pulling the government out of the financial industry."

The Times also weighs in on prospective furloughs or layoffs for city employees, who in tough financial times may be sacrificed in order to keep alive Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa's ambition to keep hiring more police officers. Though that seems unfair, it's the right thing to do for Los Angeles.

And we give a boost to a package of state bills aimed at fighting animal cruelty, including a ban on puppy mills, a crackdown on dogfighting (thanks Michael Vick!), and a measure mocked by the governor to forbid docking (cutting off) the tails of cattle.

Photo by Seth Perlman / AP

Iran's show trial last weekend of at least 100 reformist politicians, journalists and foot soldiers is part of an ugly trend that will not only weaken the position of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, it could derail talks with the United States concerning Iran's nuclear ambitions, according to today's lead editorial.

The Times also weighs in on a proposal for the city of Los Angeles to approve a $30-million loan to renovate the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood so it can accommodate performances by acrobatic troupe Cirque du Soleil. The city's projections that a 10-year run of the popular attraction would generate 858 jobs seems more based on federal loan requirements than reality; the city should reject the loan.

And Times editorial writer Karin Klein relates her own experience with the "cash for clunkers" law, which has stirred up a feeding frenzy at local car dealerships: "At Hyundai, we watched a family leap into an Accent for a test drive after two other cars were snatched out from under them. We never did find a salesman."

Speaking of which, columnist Jonah Goldberg thinks the whole federal car-buying subsidy program is a clunker. Washington's notion that paying people who already own working cars so that they can buy new ones and junk the old is reminiscent of French economist Frederic Bastiat's "broken windows" fallacy, Goldberg says: Though it might benefit bankers and car makers, it doesn't take into account the economic stimulus that would have resulted if the car buyers had instead spent their money on more useful things.

And just when you thought it was safe to get out of Iraq, political science professor Barbara F. Walter asserts that it isn't. History shows that countries that have fought civil wars are likely to do it again, and that countries that end their civil wars with compromise settlements often return to fighting unless there is a third party present to enforce the peace. Most experts believe the U.S. would have to remain in Iraq for five to 10 years past the current 2011 withdrawal deadline to avert another outbreak of hostilities among Iraq's competing factions.

Finally, constitutional law professor Ryan Coonerty thinks the problem with California's government isn't an excess of democracy, but too little. Coonerty favors doubling the size of the Legislature, which could be accomplished without excessive spending by cutting lawmakers' current salaries ($116,000 a year) in half. Smaller districts would allow the people to hold their representatives more accountable, he argues.

Illustration credit: Paul Tong / TMS

Today's memorial service for Michael Jackson at the privately owned Staples Center reminds The Times editorial board of a sad fact of life in Los Angeles: It's a city without a public square. Though the backers of LA Live once promised that the downtown entertainment mall would become L.A.'s version of Times Square, the fact remains that it's a private space whose owners can bar the public anytime they choose.

We also weigh in on President Obama's trip to Russia, which isn't expected to accomplish much -- but even a small thaw in relations between the two countries, and the modest improvement represented by the nuclear weapons pact concluded Monday, is better than the chilly status quo.

And we ponder the lessons to be learned from the example of former Defense Secretary Robert McNamara, who died Monday at 93. Though many see parallels between the mistakes made in Iraq and the mistakes made by McNamara in Vietnam, we think the larger lesson is that using yesterday's solutions to today's problems is often the pathway to failure.

Over on the opposite page, columnist Jonah Goldberg thinks all the sturm und drang over the canceled "salons" by the Washington Post, in which lobbyists were invited to pay heavily to attend get-togethers with the newspaper's journalists and top politicians, amounts to little more than posing. After all, many publications offer similar meet-and-greet opportunities, Goldberg says.

The hand-wringing over genetically modified foods, meanwhile, reminds author Tom Standage of another food-related hysteria from a few centuries ago -- over the potato. When the tubers were first discovered in the New World, Europeans feared they were a dangerous, unholy poison. They got over it, just as they'll probably eventually get over their irrational fears about improved crops.

And psychiatry professor Sander L. Gilman cautions against jumping to conclusions about Michael Jackson's cosmetic surgery. True, the King of Pop clearly was fond of surgical reshaping, but that doesn't necessarily indicate self-loathing.

* Illustration by Bob Daly / For the Times

President Obama travels to Russia today to give a speech (of course!) and meet with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. The topics likely to be covered include the START treaty (which expires in December), human rights, Iran, Afghanistan, North Korea, nonproliferation, the environment and even reserve currencies.

Both administrations seem willing to negotiate. "Pressing the reset button" has been a phrase used within the Obama administration to describe how the president wants to approach U.S.-Russian relations. Medvedev said in a video blog that Russia is "ready to play our part" in strengthening the relationship:

Now is not the time to say who is suffering more and who is stronger. Now is the time to unite our efforts. We simply must improve our relations in order to put our joint efforts into resolving the numerous problems facing the world today.

Although both administrations appear eager to be more amiable than in the recent past, there are still many issues where they disagree. NATO expansion in Eastern Europe and U.S. missile defense installations there are two of the sticking points. In a press briefing, Michael McFaul, Obama's Senior Director for Russian and Eurasian Affairs, responded to these two most divisive topics in a decidedly non-amiable way:

We're definitely not going to use the word "reassure" in the way that we talk about these things. We're not going to reassure or give or trade anything with the Russians regarding NATO expansion or missile defense.... We're going to talk about them very frankly as we did in April when we first met with President Medvedev. And then we're going to see if there are ways that we can have Russia cooperate on those things that we define as our national interests. So we don't need the Russians, we don't want to trade with them.

Newsweek's Holly Bailey said one area the U.S. does need Russia is in Iran. The Russians can aid in pressuring the Iranians to end their development of Nuclear weapons. Interestingly, the Russians were the first to recognize the controversial re-election of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, while the rest of the world eyeballed the election skeptically.

With the next two days shaping to be crucial in U.S.-Russian diplomacy, we want to know what you think of Obama's trip. Will it produce anything of substance? Do you fear Obama will concede too much? Could relations be strained further? Take our poll, leave a comment below, or do both!

-Kevin Patra

Photo: Dmitry Astakhov / AFP/Getty Images

Today's editorial page leads off with a plea to the Los Angeles City Council to stop dawdling on a water conservation plan that would raise rates for water guzzlers. The need for conservation is dire, with a dwindling Sierra snowpack and supply reductions intended to reverse environmental damage, but a sensible rate plan will be jeopardized if the council doesn't act soon.

The Times also celebrates the remarkable rescue by Navy personnel of container-ship Capt. Richard Phillips after a five-day standoff with pirates off the coast of Somalia, but warns that the aggressive U.S. response could endanger the lives of more ships' crews. And we give thumbs-up to last week's U.S. Supreme Court decision restricting law-enforcement agents from giving the "third degree" to criminal suspects -- the court has clearly signaled that confessions will only be considered voluntary if they are made within six hours of arrest.

Today's Op-Edsters include columnist Jonah Goldberg, whose take on the pirate hostage drama is that it should mark the beginning of a tougher stance against pirates, one that has been delayed for too long by a "pro-pirate" culture, misplaced sympathy for criminals and, above all, lawyers.

Also opining today is Juan Carlos Zarate, former deputy national security advisor for combating terrorism, who says the best way to coerce North Korea's rogue regime to stop pursuing nuclear arms is to apply smart financial pressure. Even without support from the United Nations, the tools are in place for the U.S. to cut banks that do business with the regime off from the U.S. financial system, a strategy that the Obama administration should pursue.

Finally, writer and parent Lorenza Munoz recounts the tale of a PTA effort to put on a show by controversial comedian Carlos Mencia as a benefit for a low-income school, and the firestorm that erupted.

* Editorial cartoon by Joel Pett / USA Today

During the week ending April 11, The Times received a rather sparse 430 usable letters -- perhaps spring break is slowing writers down -- just 134 of which were in our Top Five Topics.

• Limbaugh challenge: 39 letters, reacting to four essays from prominent local liberals accepting Andrew Klavan's Limbaugh Challenge;
• Obama's trip: 31 letters, about President Obama's swing through Europe and the Near East;
• Binghamton shootings: 26 letters, reacting to a tragic shooting spree in an upstate New York immigrant center;
• Ana's story: 20 letters, responding to Times reporter Thomas Curwen's two-part series about neurofibromatosis sufferer Ana Rodarte; and
• North Korean rocket: 18 letters, focusing on North Korea's rocket launch and what it means for the world.

How the Top Five is tabulated: Each week, your letters maven receives thousands of e-mails, dozens of letters through the good old U.S. postal service, and even a few faxes here and there.

After she cuts out spam, obscene mail, letters addressed to more than one recipient, letters that seem to be the fruit of letter-writing campaigns and letters with attachments (which gum up our computer systems), she is usually left with several hundred eligible items, represented in the Letters Top Five tally. From these, she selects the somewhere around 100 that get published in the newspaper. Faxes and snail mail are not reflected in the chart.

In Wednesday's letters, reaction to North Korea's diplomatically-if-not-technically-effective rocket launch.

Cynthia Yeung, of Chino Hills, worries that

Once again, the United Nations Security Council fails to come to a hasty agreement when countries need it most.

When a threat such as North Korea's missile launch becomes evident, shouldn't we put aside our differences and try to craft a response that might quickly put a stop to the danger?

It is fortunate that this rocket failed to send a satellite to orbit. But the next time an issue similar to this threatens our peace, how are we supposed to quickly solve the problem if no country is willing to sacrifice a little to benefit everyone?

While San Diego's Randall Smith sees some irony in U.S. reaction to the test:

So the U.S. is shocked to find that a country has developed nuclear weapons as well as the ability to launch payloads into space and hit far-flung targets, all at the whim of a dangerously fanatical leader!

Who would want to perpetrate such a threat to peace, nay, to life itself? God forbid the day will come when someone will drop one of these heinous weapons, or perhaps two, on major cities, killing untold numbers of innocent people and leaving a poisonous radioactive legacy for generations to come.

Wait a minute! The U.S. already did all those things. Never mind.

Chris Ungar, of Los Osos, sees a different dark humor in the situation:

Kim Jong Il to starving North Koreans: "Let them eat rockets!"

Reactions to stories about college admissions and tuition, a controversial professor, investigating the Bush Administration's war on terror and the Binghamton massacre, too.

Photo: Image believed to be rocket and exhaust trail launched from Korean Peninsula on Sunday.  Credit: AP Photo/DigitalGlobe.

Long Beach Democrat Laura Richardson and a few other members of the U.S. House scored some private face time today with ex-Cuban President Fidel Castro -- a feat that, as Sergio Muñoz pointed out a few weeks ago in a Times Op-Ed article, many Latin American presidents have tried but failed to achieve. Reuters reports:

The meeting took place at a time of possible change in long hostile U.S.-Cuba relations, spurred by U.S. President Barack Obama's promises to take steps toward normalizing ties with the communist-ruled island, 90 miles from Florida.

Three members of the seven-member visiting U.S. delegation met Fidel Castro at the end of a trip in which they also met with President Raul Castro, who took over from his ailing brother last year.

[Rep. Barbara] Lee [D-Oakland], who led the U.S. group, and the other delegates said in Washington that Fidel Castro appeared eager to do his part to improve links between the countries.

"He was very well aware of what was going on," said Representative Laura Richardson. "As he leaned in, he looked directly into our eyes, quite aware of what was happening, and said to us 'how can we help President Obama?'"

Funny, I was under the impression that Castro's reluctant abdication of the Cuban presidency to his brother in 2006 because of illness was the best thing the former dictator could do to improve his nation's relations with the U.S. I can't imagine that having Castro -- the man who established a Communist Party-run state 90 miles from the Florida Keys in 1959 and allowed Soviets to park nuclear-tipped missiles there in 1962 -- play a role in improving U.S.-Cuba relations would help at all. (Of course, the U.S. is arguably just as culpable in getting the two countries to where they are now, having attempted to assassinate Castro many times, among other things.)

But I digress. As the Reuters article notes, the meeting is worth noting because the Obama administration is considering loosening the 47-year-old travel ban that bars nearly all Americans from going to Cuba. As this recent South Florida Sun-Sentinel article notes, a growing number of lawmakers want to go further by completely doing away with the travel ban.

As potential American tourists to Cuba, what do you think about easing restrictions on commerce and travel between Cuba and the U.S.? Take our unscientific poll.

Photo: Raul Castro grips and grins with Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Oakland). Credit: Juvenal Balan Neyra / AFP / Getty Images

The Times editorial page sums up President Obama's tour of Europe and Turkey as an impressive show that won the president accolades, but very little else; Obama's hopes for more stimulus spending by the G-20, more troops for Afghanistan and more condemnation of North Korea's nuclear ambitions went largely unrealized. We also find much to like in Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates' military budget proposal, which aims to shift the emphasis from fighting big conventional wars to taking on insurgencies like the ones in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Gates and Obama hardly aim to disarm America, but there's no question that they intend to buy less ammo. Given that the United States spends nearly as much on defense as every other country on Earth combined, that's not a bad plan.

Finally, The Times praises Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa's efforts to wrest sacrifices from city employees, who must accept pay cuts in this tough economy if they want to avoid widescale layoffs that would only worsen local unemployment.

Over on the Op-Ed page, American Prospect associate editor Ezra Klein compares "nationalized" healthcare systems in Britain and Canada to the private health system in the U.S., and finds that both systems find ways to ration care. The choice comes down to occasional waiting times for elective surgery, or excluding many people from getting care at all:

So although Britain and Canada have decided that no one will go without, even if some must occasionally wait, the U.S. has decided that most of those who can't afford care simply won't get it.

Columnist Jonah Goldberg assails the Obama administration for opening its arms to the discredited United Nations Human Rights Council, a pack of nations that ignores rampant human rights abuses in places like Sudan and Cuba while taking every opportunity to condemn Israel. Rather than trying to change this reprehensible group from the inside, Obama should cut all ties and delegitimize it by ignoring it. And novelist Susan Straight finds that her husband's simple advice to the girls' basketball team he coaches applies as much to everyday life as it does to the court.

Editorial cartoon by Lisa Benson / Washington Post Writers Group

The Times' new Mapping Project has received thousands of comments from readers online (and is still accepting input here).  Letters to the editor also received mail about the paper's attempt to draw borders for its 87 neighborhoods. 

LAAlamanac.com's Gary Thornton, who lives in Montebello, had this to say:

I was both delighted and disappointed by your article on mapping out Los Angeles neighborhoods.

In 2002, we posted the first online neighborhood map of Los Angeles, which has since been viewed close to 2 million times. A year ago, we further revised and detailed our map and published it as a poster-sized wall map. As far as I can determine, it is the first-ever privately published wall map detailing the neighborhoods of L.A.

The Times' article makes it appear as though yours is the first serious effort to map out L.A. neighborhoods. The Times has always ignored our efforts, except for an occasional citation.

And Yolanda Lopez-Head, of Glendale, offered this response to Patt Morrison's column about the project:

Way to go, Patt Morrison! Keep East L.A. where it has always been: east of the Los Angeles River.

As a seventh-generation Angeleno, born in East L.A ., raised in Boyle Heights (yes, there is a distinction) and a South L.A. Fremont High School grad, I plead with our city not to erase our geographic and cultural history so readily, so illogically, so unnecessarily.

Iran's nukes, more on the California budget deal, lowered standards for sheriff's deputies in L.A. County and nursing home deaths, too.

Image: Map of Los Angeles from Times Mapping Project.  Credit: Los Angeles Times