With the fuss we make over Thanksgiving, I’d bet most
Americans believe the Pilgrims were the first nonnative American settlers in North America.
Put aside the putative Norse landfall, and the certainty of
the Spaniards in
Florida and on the
Pacific Coast; it’s the Anglo-American narrative
that captains a big part of early American history.
And that narrative didn’t begin at Plymouth Rock.
The first permanent English settlement was in Virginia, not Massachusetts,
in Jamestown, not Plymouth – in 1607, not in 1620.
So how did the Pilgrims, and not the folk of Jamestown, manage
to get top billing, even though they showed up 13 years late to the party that
became the United States of America (and about 35 years after the short-lived
Roanoke Colony)?
Maybe it was demographics. The Pilgrims came with women and
children (and some nonbelievers); women didn’t come to the Jamestown colony until the year after it was
settled.
Maybe it was class structure. The Pilgrims arrived with
indentured laborers, as did the Jamestown
company. But the Jamestown
group seemed more class-stratified, being, at least by Captain John Smith’s
account, excessively burdened with ‘’gentlemen’’ averse to labor.
Maybe it was because, at the outset anyway, the Pilgrims evidently got on
better with the native Americans than the Virginia colonists did (save for the
renowned story of Pocahontas saving the life of Captain John Smith, for what
that’s worth).
Maybe it was the motive for coming here in the first place,
at least motive through the lens of history. Plymouth
and Jamestown
both had feet in a couple of joint English stock companies. One of its
excursions actually set up housekeeping in Maine
in the same year that Jamestown
was settled, but it was soon abandoned.
In
Jamestown,
profit was the driving force, and the Pilgrims' voyage was financed at least in part by Puritan businessmen bent on proselytizing and profit. But profit didn't cast as glorious a glow in the historical imagination as the
Puritans’ ‘’religious freedom’’ motive did -- plucky, God-fearing folk
seeking freedom of
worship, a freedom they turned around and denied to others.
Anyway, that’s my thinking. What’s yours? How did Bay State turkey
trump Virginia ham, and the Pilgrims trump the Virginians in history and imagination?
-- Patt Morrison