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What a difference a (Prop. 8) ad makes

October 7, 2008 |  7:04 pm

Never, ever underestimate the power of advertising. If they can sell you on his-and-hers personal lubricants, they can even sell you on changing state law to forbid same-sex couples to marry. The latest CBS 5 poll (conducted by SurveyUSA for a San Francisco TV station) finds that support for Proposition 8, the initiative that would embed a ban on gay marriage into the California constitution, leads by five percentage points. Eleven days ago--before a blast of ads for the proposition--it trailed by five points.

Now, the change was among young voters, who can be hard to gauge on polls. Initiatives can be particularly hard to poll accurately. They tend to do worse on Election Day than over a telephone survey. On the other hand, people tend to be uncomfortable about saying they don't like homosexuality.

But the lesson to take home on this one is that Proposition 8, which the Times editorial board is dead set against, is no sure bet one way or the other. Second lesson: Incredibly, some people--especially young people, apparently--actually believe and are swayed by campaign ads. I've been reading about the Proposition 8 ads--the claims (false) that California schools would have to teach gay marriage to children, that it paves the way (false) for people to be sued over their personal beliefs and that churches would lose their tax status (false) if they refused to change their policies to conform with same sex marriage.

I have to read about the ads because they tend to be so irritatingly misleading (not to mention scream-out-loud repetitive) that watching or listening to them is out of the question. Campaign season is no time to be without a "mute" button.


The comments to this entry are closed.

Comments
26.

Education codes preclude teaching of gay marriage in the schools. Teachers can lose their jobs if they violate state ed codes. This is just another example a FEAR tactic. Don't buy it. I teach, and my spouse is an attorney with education training, so I know the FACTS on this. It's another bogus garbage argument.

27.

DON'T BUY INTO PHONY FEAR TACTICS. Prop 8 IS an attempt to write DISCRIMINATION into our state constitution. Prop 8 IS, in FACT, a violation of our FEDERAL Constitution (14th amendment). Don’t confuse"holy" matrimony with CIVIL matrimony.
FACT: History shows marriage IS and has ALWAYS been a civil union. All adult citizens who pay taxes are entitled to ALL of the SAME rights under the law, and since NO legitimate CIVIL reasons to deny gays marriage exist, gays are entitled to ALL of the SAME marriage rights as any other citizen. Religion has NO bearing on civil law, much though some would like to make it about THEIR religion. Fortunately for all of us, separation of church and state does NOT allow any one religion to rule us--or our laws, otherwise we'd be living in a theocracy like the Muslim extremists. But like extremists, religious activists HURT PEOPLE, not with bombs, but through words, TV ads and devious devices like Prop 8.
FACT: Marriage wasn't even recognized as a sacrament (a religious union) until the 12th century! The Puritans had CIVIL marriages when they came here in the 1600's! We MUST also obtain a CIVIL license to marry, and clergy AND NON-clergy legally perform marriages. If marriage were only a religious union, then only clergy would do the honors and we wouldn't need approval (i.e. license) from the state. This, alone demands that ALL citizens are ENTITLED to ALL the SAME rights.
FACT: Gay marriage has no effect on heterosexual marriage. For the life of me I cannot fathom how gay people marrying will affect my marriage in any way! In fact, contrary to what Prop 8 supporters say, research shows that in Scandinavian countries (who've had gay marriage for decades) heterosexual marriage is still going healthy and strong, and even their CLERGY acknowledge that it has proven to be BENEFICIAL!
Those who suggest that gay people already have the same rights are lying. It is purely a FEAR tactic, solely in an effort to TRICK gullible voters into voting DISCRIMINATION into the constitution. The driving force behind Prop 8 come from a cadre of RELIGIOUS ACTIVISTS who want to force THEIR particular extremist beliefs on the rest of us, and they are willing to lie to do it--this is tantamount to a form of religious persecution, and that is patently UNAMERICAN. America has long prided itself on being the land of the FREE. Haven't we had enough of such fear tactics already? It is ironic that so many lies are being told by the very people who SHOULD be standing for truth, love and equality! Changing the constitution is a very SERIOUS matter, not to be entered into lightly or on such flimsy pretext, but that is exactly what Prop 8 supporters are asking us to do. DON'T LET THE FEAR MONGERS TRICK YOU INTO VOTING DISCRIMINATION INTO OUR CONSTITUTION! Vote NO on Prop 8 = NO on PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION.

28.

In your blog, you write,

"I've been reading about the Proposition 8 ads--the claims (false) that California schools would have to teach gay marriage to children..."

In Massachusetts, parents requested that their public elementary school notify them in advance when their children (kindergarten, first and second grades) were taught about gay marriage. The school district refused to provide the parents with advance notice for a gay marriage lesson. Additionally, the school district contented that they were within the rights to teach gay marriage lessons to elementary school children. The school district did not allow the parents to have the decision for their children to "opt out" from this lesson plan. Currenlty, the parents submitted a petition for a writ of certiorari to the U.S. Supreme Cout to determine whether they have the advance notification right and "opt out" right for teaching gay marriage to their children.

Based on the Massachusetts experience, if a California school district decided to include gay marriage in their curriculum, then gay marriage would be a required part of the lesson plan for children from kindergarten, first grade, second grade . . . Additionally, parents do not have advance notification right or "opt out" rights for gay marriage lessons.

You are correct that Prop 8 does not require that children be taught gay marriage lessons. However, Massachusetts allows gay marriage and the school districts to teach gay marriage to children in kindergarten, first grade, second grade, . . . The state and federal courts have affirmed that parents do not advance notification right, or "opt out" right for gay marriage lessons for their children. The parents have submitted a petition for writ of certiorari to the US Supreme court regarding advance notification and "opt out" rights for gay marriage lessons for their children in Massachusetts.

The FACTS lead to this conclusion. At present, if a California school district decides to incorporate gay marriage in their lesson plan for children in kindergarten, the first grade, second grade, . . . Then parents do not have advance notification and "opt out" rights for gay marriage lessons for their children because of the Massachusetts (Lexington) precedent.

29.

The article claims that the ad says that schools would have to teach gay marriage. It doesn't. It says they would, which is a true claim, as Massachusetts has proven.

30.

WOW! I can not believe some of the stuff I'm reading. As for Clayton, why don't you go back to Pleasantville! Tolerate gays?! Who the hell are you to even say whether we are to be tolerated or not! My dear man this is 2008 not the 40's 50's where it was a white community and the men "owned" their wives. Whether this prop 8 is passed or not, I (as every other homosexual) will continue to be GAY and love our partners! Some believe that we are going against God. Fine that is what you believe, we are going to hell whether we can "marry" or not. So let us go to hell in our own way, on our own terms.

As for our children....I have a 6 year old daughter who LOVES my girlfriend will all her little heart! She understands what we are. In fact she told me she never wants us break up! There is nothing wrong with children knowing what is in the world, which includes gays. I grew up in a VERY religious "tradional" family, with my stay at home mom and working father. I can't even count how many times I wished they were divorced just to stop the fighting. It amazes me how those who are pro 8 want to protect the definition of the "ideal family" don't realize that these broken families are from straight couples. You say a child needs a mother and a father....hmm where are all those straight missing fathers or those moms who had it and walked out? What about those women who have several abortions because they are simply irresponsible? As far as I'm concerned when a gay couple decides to have a child (since it's a lil harder) they are ready for it. Which means they have the stable loving home. It's funny how we can't get married but yet straights can get married and divorced as many times as they please. They want to stick to the bible yet how do you explain all broken homes and adultery? I took a psychology class and studies actually show that homosexual couples have a more stable realtionship that straights. In fact lesbian couples have the most understanding and long lasting relationships.

Our children are brought into this world with an innocent mind and a heart ready to love. Adults are the ones teaching them to hate and discrminate against one another. So for those who are worried about what is taught in school, stop acting as though gays are not here! Oooh lets not metion the gay word and maybe they will dissapear! Uhh NO. Your children will learn about homesexuals whether it be through you, the school or their friends. It's the way you raise them that's important. As long as you do your job as a parent then your children should be fine.

I am just fed up with all this bullshit. WHETHER WE CAN MARRY OR NOT WE ARE STILL GAY!!! WHETHER PROP 8 IS PASSED OR NOT WE ARE STILL HERE. WE WILL CONTINUE TO LOVE ONE ANOTHER. YOU DO NOT SLEEP IN OUR BED AT NIGHT, YOU WILL NOT ATTEND OUR WEDDING. YOU WILL NOT BE THERE THROUGH OUT OUR LIVES. YOU DON'T EVEN KNOW WHO WE ARE. SO THE F#&%* DO YOU CARE IF WE MARRY OR NOT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! STOP WORRING ABOUT OUR PERSONAL LIVES AND WORRY ABOUT YOUR OWN.

31.

Tuff call. I think II will go yes on prop 8.

My main thought is for babies and children that will be placed with 2 men in adoption arrangements. I just think that a kid needs a mom or else he/she will have serious issues.

32.

Gay Marriage has been around as long as man. Radical Religious groups have tried to hide it, and ban it, but look... its still here.
There have been gay people long before Prop 8, there will be gay people long after Prop 8.

It is the most un-American thing I have ever heard of and it sickens me that its even a topic of discussion.

Everyone has the right to build a family of their own.

Its that simple.

33.

I wish people would stop putting down Iran--it's a great country!!
And marraige between a man & a women is the way it is suppose to be--natural!!
Amercians are smart and will be voting for families--
natural and sweet and pure and no confusion at all!!
YES on 8--not teaching gay marriage in school for my kids!
This is the way we are created and born!!
white and black--no gray area--yes is yes and no is no!

34.

Leland,

Same-sex marriages were around during the Roman Empire, so to say, "Every one of those forms of marriage is built around the nucleus of a man and a woman. And it has always been that way throughout all of human history," is incorrect.

35.

First of all, I agree completely with Amil. There is a deeply flawed view many people have on the history of marriage. Marriage was more about property and protection than love until about the 1500s. Even the old testament attests to this. That's why if a man died, his brother was to marry his wife. I hate that people just believe everything they are told.

Second of all, as many other posters point out very well, I never learned about marriage in school. That doesn't even make sense. What does that claim mean? How do you teach homosexuality any way? Hmmm...I remember in 5th grade learning that boys might like other boys in sex ed, and that was it, basically (by that age, if you like boys, you probably know it already anyway). And what's wrong with kids knowing about same-sex marriage? I went to school with kids who had 2 moms or dads. Do you just want to lie to your kids? It's not going to make your kids gay or messed up in any way. Get real.

What studies were done to show how well kids are raised with two fathers? You say studies show that children do best when raised by a mother and father--compared to a single parent home. To you, a single parent home is not ideal. But a home with two parents is? That's what a same-sex marriage would be.

I'm tired of people USING CHILDREN to promote their own agenda. The same thing happened with interracial marriage. "I'm worried about the children. They won't know who they are." It's really all about you and not knowing who you are, and maybe having to face ugly truths about yourself, but blame it on the children.

And while I'm on the subject of race; Separate but equal does not work. If you really thought civil unions and marriages were the same thing you wouldn't have a problem calling a same-sex union a marriage. It allows you to think to yourself, "At least it's not marriage," or, if a man introduces another man as his husband, in the back of your mind, you think, "Not really." It only promotes division.

Saying that we voted on it 8 years ago is pretty lame, especially when many of the same people who oppose gay marriage would dance in the streets if Roe v. Wade were overturned.

I am friends with and work with many same-sex couples who are now married, legally. Is it fair to take that away? Do you really want to do that to ordinary people who are in monogamous relationships with someone they are in love with and are already celebrating months of being married? That's just wrong.

Finally, my boyfriend is English. Eventually, he will have to return to England. If I were a woman, we could marry and he would legally be allowed to stay in the US, just like many other couples. Even if Prop 8 is struck down, he will not be allowed to stay because it is a federal issue and DOMA would trump CA law. It's not right to FORCE this kind of separation of two people who are in love, when the same thing would not happen to heterosexual couples.

36.

EVERYONE. PLEASE REMEMBER THIS ISNT AN EXPERIMENT!!!

MASS HAS HAD GAY MARRIAGE FOR FOUR YEARS.

SOCIETY IS JUST FINE!!!

ITS SENSIBLE TO VOTE NO ON 8. THERE IS PROOF IT DOESN'T HURT FAMILIES AND THE PROOF IS THE LAST FOUR YEARS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES!

SINCERELY,
CHRIS

37.

amii,

Did you notice how all of the different types of marriage that you mentioned have one particular thing in common? Every one of those forms of marriage is built around the nucleus of a man and a woman. And it has always been that way throughout all of human history.

Some cultures have (and still do) bring a man and a woman together for marriage in different ways or out of different motives. Indeed, as you’ve pointed out, sometimes more men and/or women have even been added to the formula. (There is a reason, however, why such cultures never progressed to develop into modern civilizations. Polygamy and polyandry are ultimately destructive to a society. But that’s another discussion...) In any case, marriage always has - and always will - *necessarily* include a man and a woman.

And yes, the state’s most compelling and only legitimate interest in privileging marriage (as the union of one man and one woman) is that a legally committed man and woman not only ensures the existence of the next generation, but also at least allows for the best possible environment for the welfare of the children who will be the future citizens of society.

I know... I know... Many men and women have always married who are not even capable of having children (as with the elderly or the infertile) and these days - especially in western culture - people often marry who just don’t even want to procreate, period. Even in these cases, however, genuine marriage does still interest the state in that the union of a man and woman benefits society by bridging the gender gap of our species. On the other hand, same-sex ‘marriage’ actually widens the greatest difference between humans by further segregating men from women.

Besides, think of it like this: If an author were to discover that a lot of people are using the books she writes as doorstops, would she suddenly have any interest in - or obligation to - write longer tomes so that her books would be heavier, better doorstops? I don’t think so! Whatever some people are using her books for, her interest in publishing remains the same.

In the same way, even if many couples are able to take advantage of (some of) the benefits of marriage for reasons other than why we as a society would want to encourage and privilege marriage, our interest in supporting (and defending) the institution of marriage - in its present form - remains the same. It is the only institution we have that binds men and women to one another and men to their own offspring. (Women, for obvious reasons, always at least start off bound to their own offspring...)

And the fact that many married couples are either infertile or uninterested in procreation is certainly no rational argument for completely reordering the form that marriage has always had in human society merely for the sake of compelling all of us, by law, to approve of, encourage, and support homosexuality.

There is a reason why no culture in history (at least none that has survived up to this day) has ever recognized any group of men only or women only as a marriage regardless of what the sexual practices of such groups were or whether or not homosexuality was approved of by the society in question. And that would be the same reason why we should not legally recognize even just two men or two women as ‘married’: What is sanctified by law is encouraged and will certainly become more common. And same-sex couples are, by themselves, not capable of producing the next generation and, for reasons I’ve already stated in this thread, such unions cannot provide what children need most for their welfare – a committed mother *and* father to provide and care for them.

38.

Traditional marriage? There is no such thing. I've seen here several references to traditional marriage and some have gone so far as to state that it's been around forever. Really, it hasn't. Ask any first year anthropology student. Even most man/woman marriages are not traditional in the sense that the average American would view it. Most are arranged, many are forced, often upon the very young. Marriage between a man and woman for love has only been around a few hundred years. Among some of the other marriage types that have been around for thousands of years (along with man/woman types) are unions of one man and more than one woman (polygamy) and one woman with brothers (polyandry) and so forth. Throughout human history, most marriage types have been defined more by the conditions a society is living in (high altitude, tropical, nomadic, and so forth) than by love.

Modern humans radically changed things when they started marrying for romance, and it never would have happened without the industrial age that gave us more food and more time to consider such luxuries. Yet, we still seek to keep a segment of society from experiencing marriage for romance. The party line for those against gay marriage is that "traditional" marriage is all about childrearing (until someone brings up making divorce impossible or giving tax credits to gays for not being able to marry). How many people do you know that had a marriage arranged for them with the most suitable candidate for the purpose of procreation? In reality, here in the US, we marry for love. And though most expect to eventually have children many marry with no intention whatsoever of ever procreating. Should we put a stop to that as well?

To the gentleman that says right now any gay man can marry a woman, I ask, would you be okay with your heterosexual daughter marrying a gay man?

And to the person that said man/woman marriage was the IDEAL, and thus we should protect it, I challenge you to prove it. Marriage is a legal partnership with a 50% fail rate. No sane business person would ever sign up to that professionally. And speaking strictly of only the marriage partnership, arranged marriages have a much higher success rate than do those undertaken for love.

People that don't believe in extending rights they enjoy to others may not always be hate-mongers, but they certainly are fear-mongers. I'm bone tired of a nation of fear. It is not at all acceptable to me that because "most" people are against gays marrying, then gays shouldn't marry. That is the tyranny of the majority, if it's true. Sometimes you just have to not let the majority decide...or we still would disallow interracial marriages, and would have separate water fountains for "coloreds".

39.

I wish to advise that careful attention is needed in deciding how to vote on Proposition 8.

First, Proposition 8 is simply stated, an ammendment to the California Constitution that defines marriage. Limiting marriage to only heterosexual couples.
This ammendment does not revoke the statewide benfits given to homosexuals whatsoever. It only stops the legal marriage of homosexual couples.

Proposition 22 had passed by 61% by the Californian citizen vote. The California Supreme Court overturned this Proposition and homosexual couples were still allowed marriage.
Now, Proposition 8 has been proposed, going to the vote of Californian citizens, to ammend the constitution.

The effects of both outcomes I feel are needed in deciding which way to vote.

If Proposition 8 does pass, homosexual couples will simply not be allowed marriage. Realize that all the benifits previously granted them will not diminish or disappear, this is not about that.

If Proposition 8 does not pass, then the state of California will have to uphold homosexual marriages as equal to heterosexual marriages. This means that children in schools must be taught that both marriages are equal, and also they would be taught certain characteristics of the relationships, but obviously "age appropriately". Adoption agencies will have to be unbiased in allowing all forms of couples to adopt. Religious adoptong agencies would have to either change their own beliefs (if their belief is that only heterosexual couples should adopt) or give up the agency. As homosexual couple's rights are pushed further it will likely force churches and other organizantions to stop protesting or lose government benifits. Churches (etc.) would lose their tax exemptions, lawsuits against such organizations would become commonplace. Religions that will not conform to this ideal will likely lose their marriage licenses as well. Thus the freedom to religion is diminished.

At this point, you might ask yourself which outcome allows more freedom, obviously that is what this is about.

I personally am in favor of Proposition 8, because I believe that the family is the unit that defines America. No other organization is more important. I will not stand by and watch what I consider sacred to be dissolved by the pursuit of ill willed "freedoms".

The good people of California voted in favor of defining marriage as between man and woman in 2000, and it is my hope that citizens will get out and vote again.

40.

Why does NOT having a constitutional ban on something mean we all have to accept and tolerate it? There's no constitutional ban on mother-raping, but that doesn't mean everyone in the country is forced to love and support raping mothers. Your logic is flawed. NOT banning something that doesn't affect you... DOESN'T AFFECT YOU.

41.

I believe that marriage should be defined as a union between a man and a woman. Not between two men, or two women, or one man and multiple women etc. Prop 8 does not remove rights from gay couples in civil unions. Prop 8 simply defines marriage as being between a man and a woman as it has been for several thousand years. For more information on Prop 8 go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Proposition_8_(2008) and ProtectMarriage.com.

42.

John Williams,

In fact, California’s Domestic Partnership laws do bestow upon the participants all the rights, privileges, and responsibilities of marriage. All the defeat of proposition 8 will do is allow the advocates of same-sex ‘marriage’ to use the force of law to compel the rest of us to accept, approve of, and even support homosexuality (and the moral legitimacy of homosexuality) against our will.

That is the agenda.

43.

Proposition 8 is about protecting an institution that has been in place in society since the beginning of time. It has nothing to do with taking away people's rights; laws are in place to protect those rights. It has everything to do with freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the rights of children. Voting YES on Proposition 8 means you respect the union of a man and a woman to be the definition of marriage and not having that definition rewritten to suit a special interst group. It means supporting democracy where the people's voice rules the land and not four liberal judges. I support families, the rights of children and fairness. That is why I am voting YES on Proposition 8.

44.

Karin,

People always site the “correlation vs. causality” issue as if doing so automatically disproves any causality being asserted – it doesn’t.

And in fact it has been very well established indeed that children who are reared by two married parents - a mother and a father - do better as adults by virtually all measures of wellbeing. (Better physical and mental health, higher levels of educational achievement, greater professional success, less incidence of alcoholism and drug abuse, lower rates of incarceration...) And that is at all income levels of the parents, by the way.

And of course, as a marriage that either fails or never occurs to begin with does tend to have such very detrimental effects on the individuals involved, then what should one think the cumulative effect of many such broken families would be on a community?

To take the consequences of fatherless households that I mentioned (crime, violence, illegal drug use, delinquency in young males, early sexual activity and promiscuity in young females...) and focus on poverty as the cause is not just absurd, it’s a straw-man response to my post as well. (Karin, I never sited poverty as a consequence of single parent families, or said anything about poverty in my post at all...)

But OK, poverty obviously is never an advantage. However, in and of itself poverty never has been - and never could be – the cause of any particular behavior. (Why is it that poor people are so often assumed to be inevitably and unavoidably lazy, shiftless, immoral, etc., anyway? They aren’t.) But, even if the absence of a father or mother in a family does not cause anyone to be poor (lack and/or loss of income does that) it typically does make it so much more difficult to overcome poverty and move to better financial circumstances.

Karin, it was very disappointing to see you resort to the tired (and lame) approach of suggesting that in order to advocate for the preservation and protection of the privileged status that genuine, traditional marriage has always enjoyed in human society then one must, to be consistent, also call for the absolute prohibition of divorce under any circumstances, the prosecution of women who get pregnant out of wedlock, or other such nonsense.

Of course one cannot expect anyone to stay married to a spouse who is abusive, unfaithful, or who has abandoned the marriage. And while out of wedlock pregnancy should be discouraged exactly because it so far from ideal, once it happens we can only do what is possible to cope with the circumstances.

You also stated (correctly, by the way) that Proposition 8 is not a cure for any of the societal ills that I mentioned. Who said it’s supposed to be? Proposition 8 is only intended to keep the situation from being made even worse than it already is by institutionalizing a form of counterfeit ‘marriage’ that would absolutely lead to the significant increase of motherless and fatherless households.

45.

Thanks to all who joined this discussion, both for your participation and the generally thoughtful, civil tone of the discourse. I'm signing off for the night, but hope to provide a similar space for many such debates.

And Clayton--You couldn't have given me a nicer compliment.


46.

After watching the ad on protectmarriage.com, I am from North Carolina, I donated $35.00 to thier campaign. My coworker did the same. Why are civil unions with the same rights not equal. I believe that the gay community will maybe rest, only when everyone on earth agrees that it is the most desirable attribute a person can have.

47.

Dear Ms Klein,

Although, I realize that you disagree with my point of view, I must commend you for allowing both sides of the issure to be read on your blog. My opinion of the LA Times has come up a few notches. You are a true American Journalist!

48.

I think the gay community should have pushed to add an amendment that would have struck-out all references to marriage in the constitution and replaced it with the words "civil union." If that took place, it would be up to the churches to decide if gays, or anyone for that matter, could get married or not.

Marriage is a religious institution. I don't understand why our government is pushing the religious beliefs on others by saying "we'll marry you, but not you because you're black and you're white or you're gay" They shouldn't even be using the term "marriage" as the institution of marriage is rooted in religion. Isn't that against the U.S. constitution?

49.

Leland, I wonder whether your observations aren't confusing correlation with causality (something my statistics teachers used to beat into my head). Yes, there is a high frequency of single-parent families in impoverished, crime-prone areas. The question is what caused what. Did the poverty cause both the single-parent families? Did the single-parent families cause the crime? Is there another factor we haven't examined?

Once poverty and crime are taken out of the picture, what do we know about the outcomes for single-parent families? The studies I have seen so far are not definitive.

Beyond that, gay marriage takes families away from the single-parent construct and moves them toward two-parent families, with legal commitments that tend to keep those families together. What studies are there on these two-parent families compared with typical heterosexual two-couple families.

Certainly, divorce is generally not seen as an ideal outcome for families and children. But what are we dto do about this? Since gay couples will continue to form loving, lasting partnerships, and raise children, Prop. 8 changes nothing in this regard except to allow the marriages that brign a legal stability to the families.

I don't really know the numbers, but I wouold imagine that far more single-parent families involve heterosexual parents who never married, or heterosexual parents who divorced. So, should we ban unmarried girls and women from having children? (I'd love to see what the Proposition 4 supporters have to say about that.) Go back to tightly restrictive divorce laws even for desperately unhappy families? Proposition 8 is not a cure for any of the ills you suggest.

50.

It's sad... this battle is over, the No Campaign won't be able to raise the same funds... Victory for the right-wingers is a sure thing. I just hope the people who already got married won't see their marriages nullified. Another sad page in American History...

 


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